The article includes a huge compendium of reference to vaccine injury, yet reader comments fail to address the obvious. How long will it take for the medical profession to apprehend it’s own gross incompetence? How many more destroyed lives? How many dead babies?
"The live-attenuated measles vaccine was created by passaging the virus until mutations arose that altered virus tropism—a technique that could be considered, by current definitions, GOF research [32]".
I have not had time to read these articles fully, but I found these items:
"Measles: Old Vaccines, New Vaccines" page 196 mentions tissue tropism (which kinds of cells, and so tissues, are infected), which relates to which kinds of molecules act as "receptors", meaning proteins embedded in the outer surface of the cell which the virus can use to gain entry to the cell:
"Attenuated strains replicate less efficiently in vivo than wild-type MV (Auwaerter et al. 1999; Van Binnendijk et al. 1994), perhaps due to altered cellular tropism (Condack et al. 2007).
This is regarding live, attenuated, virus (LAV) vaccines as have been used since the mid-1960s. The first measles vaccines from the early to mid-1960s used inactivated viruses which did not produce lasting immunity and could lead to more severe symptoms in the event of wild-type measles infection.
Before looking at Condack et al. 2007, here is some presumably reliable text from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Measles_virus which indicates the LAV vaccine virus can gain cell entry via an additional "receptor", CD46:
For wild type and vaccine strains, extracellular domains of CD150 (SLAM or SLAMF1) and/or of nectin-4 (also called Poliovirus-Receptor-Like 4 (PVRL4)) mainly work as cell entry receptors. A minor fraction of wild type virus strains and all modern vaccine strains derived from the Edmonston strain also use CD46.
The last part of this sentence: "all modern vaccine strains derived from the Edmonston strain" refers to the LAV live attenuated virus vaccines.
This is probably a good reference regarding the gained function of being able to infect cells which express CD46. Chasing the articles it cites, and those which cite this one, would probably lead to lots of details about the new functionality and how it was obtained, reportedly by serial passage through some non-human cell types, which puts evolutionary pressure on the surviving viruses which favour those with some mutations with respect to the wild type. From the abstract:
"Because the Edmonston vaccine strain can enter cells through CD46 in addition to the primary MV receptor signaling lymphocyte activation molecule (SLAM or CD150), we asked whether and how its tropism is altered."
"CD46" is mentioned many times.
Page 87 of Griffin 2017 indicates that the currently used attenuated measles virus vaccines were derived from an earlier such virus which is no longer available, and which was itself derived from a genotype A strain of measles virus, with all genotype A viruses now being extinct. Further, the currently used attenuated strains (attenuated in certain important aspects of their behaviour, but enhanced through the ability to enter cells via CD46) have numerous functional differences from the currently existent wild type measles strains:
"Moraten, Schwarz, and EZ vaccine strains are in widespread use today. Moraten and Schwarz are identical in sequence and EZ differs from Moraten/Schwarz at 21 amino acids. Sequences of vaccine strains compared with current wild type strains reveal differences in **most** viral proteins, any of which may contribute to attenuation and no one change or combination of changes has been identified as responsible for attenuation."
We have apparently uncontested, well accepted, peer-reviewed evidence that the currently used live attenuated virus measles vaccines have the ability to enter cells via the CD46 molecule, which is not the case for most wild type measles strains. Since this and the additional cell types it can infect (those with CD46) are both conspicuous new functions not found in the great majority of wild measles virus strains, these vaccines are the result of gain of function research. Killianski et al. assess it to be so.
As best I understand it, without further research, some vaccinees will shed the the virus which is the same as the virus in the attenuated measles vaccine.
Can this infect other people?
If so, then how do we know that at least some of the current cases of measles are all of the wild-type?
I recall there are tests for whether a person is infected with the wild type or the attenuated, vaccine, type of virus.
If the authorities were doing their job properly, they would clearly state that the current attenuated live virus measles vaccines are genetically different in multiple ways from the current wild types, because they are derived from a now extinct strain or strains which differed initially, and because they were then altered by serial passage in various cell types and conditions in ways which were intended to alter their genes. These alterations significantly affect the functionality of the virus, including enable it to enter cells which express the CD46 molecule, thereby altering the types of cell it infects.
The vaccine produces weaker immunity than infection with wild-type measles virus. Its effectiveness is reduced by maternal antibodies, so the age at which the vaccine is used is a tradeoff between increasing effectiveness with a later date, and so fewer maternal antibodies, and the risk of the child contracting measles before the delayed vaccination.
I used Perplexity AI to scan the research with "Can the virus in the live attenuated measles vaccines spread to other people and infect them". It reported that shedding is common but that the quantities are too small to transmit the infection to another person, and that no research has detected such transmission.
However, I don't trust any AI and it is probably only basing its results on a subset of all that is known, in a feild which is highly averse to reporting problems with vaccines.
Please also see the research on vitamin D and the immune system, cited and discussed at: https://vitamindstopscovid.info/00-evi/. It has been known since 1932 that prompt treatment with vitamin D and vitamin A is highly effective at reducing disease severity: Ellison 1932 "Intensive vitamin therapy in measles" https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2521770/.
Spot on. May God save and protect the Mennonites.
Not too fond of Mikki Willis, but I hope the truth of what happened gets revealed in this film.
It really is rolling like another big disease, quick big vaccine scheme.
The article includes a huge compendium of reference to vaccine injury, yet reader comments fail to address the obvious. How long will it take for the medical profession to apprehend it’s own gross incompetence? How many more destroyed lives? How many dead babies?
The Forgotten History of Neurological Vaccine Injuries >>> A MIDWESTERN DOCTOR >>> MAY 10, 2025 >>> https://www.midwesterndoctor.com/p/the-forgotten-history-of-neurological
I had not read that some, perhaps currently used, measles live vaccines were the product of gain of fuction research. Your article https://jonfleetwood.substack.com/p/measles-vaccine-and-gain-of-function cites Killianski et al. 2016 https://academic.oup.com/jid/article/213/9/1364/2459266 (Oxford: The Journal of Infectious Diseases):
"The live-attenuated measles vaccine was created by passaging the virus until mutations arose that altered virus tropism—a technique that could be considered, by current definitions, GOF research [32]".
Their ref 32 is to a chapter in the 2009 book "Measles Pathogenesis and Control": https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-540-70617-5. The chapter is behind a paywall:
Diane E. Griffin and Chien-Hsiung Pan, 2009 "Measles: Old Vaccines, New Vaccines" https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-540-70617-5_10. I used the DOI to find the PDF in Alexandra Elbakyan's SciHub: https://sci-hub.se/10.1007/978-3-540-70617-5_10.
One of the many articles which cite "Measles: Old Vaccines, New Vaccines" https://scholar.google.com.au/scholar?hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=%22Measles%3A+old+vaccines%2C+new+vaccines%22&oq=+Measles%3A+old+vaccines%2C+new+vaccines is Dianne E. Griffin "Measles Vaccine", Viral Immunology 2017: https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/full/10.1089/vim.2017.0143.
I have not had time to read these articles fully, but I found these items:
"Measles: Old Vaccines, New Vaccines" page 196 mentions tissue tropism (which kinds of cells, and so tissues, are infected), which relates to which kinds of molecules act as "receptors", meaning proteins embedded in the outer surface of the cell which the virus can use to gain entry to the cell:
"Attenuated strains replicate less efficiently in vivo than wild-type MV (Auwaerter et al. 1999; Van Binnendijk et al. 1994), perhaps due to altered cellular tropism (Condack et al. 2007).
This is regarding live, attenuated, virus (LAV) vaccines as have been used since the mid-1960s. The first measles vaccines from the early to mid-1960s used inactivated viruses which did not produce lasting immunity and could lead to more severe symptoms in the event of wild-type measles infection.
Before looking at Condack et al. 2007, here is some presumably reliable text from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Measles_virus which indicates the LAV vaccine virus can gain cell entry via an additional "receptor", CD46:
For wild type and vaccine strains, extracellular domains of CD150 (SLAM or SLAMF1) and/or of nectin-4 (also called Poliovirus-Receptor-Like 4 (PVRL4)) mainly work as cell entry receptors. A minor fraction of wild type virus strains and all modern vaccine strains derived from the Edmonston strain also use CD46.
The last part of this sentence: "all modern vaccine strains derived from the Edmonston strain" refers to the LAV live attenuated virus vaccines.
Christian Condack et al. 2007 Measles virus vaccine attenuation: suboptimal infection of lymphatic tissue and tropism alteration. J Infect Dis 196: 541–549 https://academic.oup.com/jid/article-abstract/196/4/541/833307. Paywalled, but the PDF is available at Sci-Hub: https://sci-hub.se/10.1086/519689.
This is probably a good reference regarding the gained function of being able to infect cells which express CD46. Chasing the articles it cites, and those which cite this one, would probably lead to lots of details about the new functionality and how it was obtained, reportedly by serial passage through some non-human cell types, which puts evolutionary pressure on the surviving viruses which favour those with some mutations with respect to the wild type. From the abstract:
"Because the Edmonston vaccine strain can enter cells through CD46 in addition to the primary MV receptor signaling lymphocyte activation molecule (SLAM or CD150), we asked whether and how its tropism is altered."
"CD46" is mentioned many times.
Page 87 of Griffin 2017 indicates that the currently used attenuated measles virus vaccines were derived from an earlier such virus which is no longer available, and which was itself derived from a genotype A strain of measles virus, with all genotype A viruses now being extinct. Further, the currently used attenuated strains (attenuated in certain important aspects of their behaviour, but enhanced through the ability to enter cells via CD46) have numerous functional differences from the currently existent wild type measles strains:
"Moraten, Schwarz, and EZ vaccine strains are in widespread use today. Moraten and Schwarz are identical in sequence and EZ differs from Moraten/Schwarz at 21 amino acids. Sequences of vaccine strains compared with current wild type strains reveal differences in **most** viral proteins, any of which may contribute to attenuation and no one change or combination of changes has been identified as responsible for attenuation."
We have apparently uncontested, well accepted, peer-reviewed evidence that the currently used live attenuated virus measles vaccines have the ability to enter cells via the CD46 molecule, which is not the case for most wild type measles strains. Since this and the additional cell types it can infect (those with CD46) are both conspicuous new functions not found in the great majority of wild measles virus strains, these vaccines are the result of gain of function research. Killianski et al. assess it to be so.
As best I understand it, without further research, some vaccinees will shed the the virus which is the same as the virus in the attenuated measles vaccine.
Can this infect other people?
If so, then how do we know that at least some of the current cases of measles are all of the wild-type?
I recall there are tests for whether a person is infected with the wild type or the attenuated, vaccine, type of virus.
If the authorities were doing their job properly, they would clearly state that the current attenuated live virus measles vaccines are genetically different in multiple ways from the current wild types, because they are derived from a now extinct strain or strains which differed initially, and because they were then altered by serial passage in various cell types and conditions in ways which were intended to alter their genes. These alterations significantly affect the functionality of the virus, including enable it to enter cells which express the CD46 molecule, thereby altering the types of cell it infects.
The vaccine produces weaker immunity than infection with wild-type measles virus. Its effectiveness is reduced by maternal antibodies, so the age at which the vaccine is used is a tradeoff between increasing effectiveness with a later date, and so fewer maternal antibodies, and the risk of the child contracting measles before the delayed vaccination.
I used Perplexity AI to scan the research with "Can the virus in the live attenuated measles vaccines spread to other people and infect them". It reported that shedding is common but that the quantities are too small to transmit the infection to another person, and that no research has detected such transmission.
However, I don't trust any AI and it is probably only basing its results on a subset of all that is known, in a feild which is highly averse to reporting problems with vaccines.
Please also see the research on vitamin D and the immune system, cited and discussed at: https://vitamindstopscovid.info/00-evi/. It has been known since 1932 that prompt treatment with vitamin D and vitamin A is highly effective at reducing disease severity: Ellison 1932 "Intensive vitamin therapy in measles" https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2521770/.